Isomer, one of two or more molecules that contain the same atoms but have different arrangements of those atoms. Molecules are groups of atoms bonded together, and a substance made of molecules is called a compound…(Wood, James L. “Isomer.” Microsoft® Student 2007 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2006.
Microsoft ? Encarta ? 2007. ? 1993-2006 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.)

Science 2 January 1970:
Vol. 167. no. 3914, pp. 44 - 45
DOI: 10.1126/science.167.3914.44

Superdense Water Ice
A. H. Delsemme 1 and A. Wenger 1

1 Ritter Astrophysical Center, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606

A new allotropic form of water ice with a density of 2.32 ± 0.15 grams per cubic centimeter has been observed at very low pressures and for temperatures lower than 100°K. It is most likely amorphous.

Nature 233, 550 - 551 (22 October 1971); doi:10.1038/233550a0

Theoretical Evidence Against the Existence of Polywater

LELAND C. ALLEN & PETER A. KOLLMAN

Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08540

WE present here new results that disprove a widely discussed, and seemingly successful, structural model for polywater1, which was derived using semi-empirical calculations, and obtained its utility by consistently correlating more than twenty experimental observations. Defeat of this model thus casts serious doubt on the existence of a new water allotrope. It is important to distinguish clearly between the essentially empirical interrelation of experiments achieved by the original model and the current attack on it, because it is obvious from ref. 1 that we have placed ourselves in the unusual and all too easy to discredit position of being authors both of the original model and of the new results against it.

因为大自然的水是以普通水的状态存在的，所以普通水与大自然彼此处于热平衡。因此，普通水是大自然中最稳定状态的水。

可是，聚合水的状态却远比普通水的状态来得稳定。所以普通水与大自然并未真处于热平衡状态，它还得不断改变自己的性质。在改变性质的过程中，与大自然交换热能，直至与大自然完全达到热平衡——变成聚合水。这样一来，总有一天，全世界的水都要变成聚合水。但是，人类从未在大自然中发现聚合水，所以上述的过程是不存在的，聚合水自然就是不存在的。